According to the researchers, this suggests women suffer from two primary forms of prejudice. Women are viewed as less qualified or natural in most leadership roles, the research shows, and secondly, when women adopt culturally masculine behaviors often required by these roles, they may be viewed as inappropriate or presumptuous.
As a consequence, women leaders acquire a gender stereotype based on the role they assume when competing with men for leadership roles.
Because men fit the cultural stereotype of leadership better than women, they have better access to leadership roles and face fewer challenges in becoming successful in them.
However, this masculinity lessens somewhat for lower-level leadership positions and in educational organizations.
“Women’s experiences will differ depending on their culture,” she said. “We would like to have more data from different nations, and also subcultural data within the United States that takes race and social class into account, but that’s something to look to in the future.
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